The Prince, by Niccolo Machiavelli

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The Prince was written as a handbook for rulers, not as a guide to finding the ideal, but focused on the reality that would-be leaders would face and have to deal with. The book brought the philosophy of political manipulation and differentiating truth from the "effectual" truth to become essential skills, and the mastery of these skills was considered "Machiavellian.

The Prince's general theme is accepting that princes' aims – such as glory and survival – can justify using immoral means to achieve those ends. Princes were advised to appear virtuous but not with a motive. Machiavelli wrote that a strong military was essential, and the best laws flowed from their presence. He noted that it was necessary for a prince if he wanted to remain in power not to be hated by the people, but he also of hatred and love for the leader were much safer than being feared by the people.

Quotes by Machiavelli

“There is no other way to guard yourself against flattery than by making men understand that telling you the truth will not offend you.”

“Never was anything great achieved without danger.”

“Never attempt to win by force what can be won by deception.”

“Everyone sees what you appear to be; few experience what you are.”

“If an injury has to be done to a man, it should be so severe that his vengeance need not be feared.”

“The lion cannot protect himself from traps, and the fox cannot defend himself from wolves.

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The Lost Continent: Travels in Small-Town America, by Bill Bryson

This book received only a 2 STARS review

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The Lost Continent had been lost primarily to Bill Bryson.  He returns from spending a decade in England, where he had spent a decade polishing his skill after growing up in Des Moines, Iowa. The comedy begins on the first page when he says, “I come from Des Moines. Somebody had to.” Flippant approach to comedy, and it is mostly downhill from this point.

He returns to attend his father’s funeral and decides to explore the US by driving around it. For a better approach to that plot, check out John Steinbeck’s Travels with Charley. It is a great book and perhaps was the inspiration for Byson, but the attempt at the theme is similar, but Bryson’s version is not that good.

The plot unfolds with him crisscrossing the nation, complaining, and wisecracking most of the way, visiting mainly small towns. Bryson's grandparents' Iowa house, he tells us, is merely a "shack" surrounded by "cheap little houses." Mostly he finds plenty to complain about. His attempt to be positive comes with scenes like the Grand Canyon and the baseball Hall of Fame.

Finally returning to Des Moines, he declares that what he sees are all that make this city “friendly, decent and nice.”  How convenient the only place he finds worth like that is his hometown.

Bryson may seem funnier and smoother if you have read all his books and allow him to be on the pedestal he preaches from

#bookreview

Moby-Dick: by Herman Melville, A Review

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Moby-Dick, by Herman Melville, was rated by “The Guardian” as #17 in the top 100 best novels ever written. Nathaniel Philbrick’s “Why Read Moby-Dick” claims that he read the book more than a dozen times, adding that he thinks this is the most outstanding American Novel ever written. It is too bad Melville didn’t get this feedback during his lifetime. Nathaniel Hawthorne and several well-known writers that day told Melville that they also saw the book as a masterpiece. Still, even with that, it didn’t even outsell Melville’s earlier books. 

The story begins, “Call me Ishmael. Some years ago-never mind how long precisely having little or no money in my purse and nothing particular to interest me on shore, I thought I would sail about a little and see the watery part of the world.”

Ishmael is the narrator, and Captain Ahab enters the Pequod, ready to sail. It takes 135 chapters to tell the story of his search to revenge himself on the great white whale that had bitten off his leg. He plots and plans and chases the “hooded phantom” across the oceans, and he feels as though he is fighting the God that becomes part of the symbolism of the whale. The story becomes an investigation into the meaning of life. 

As the Pequod and crew chase the great white whale, they meet other ships advising where the whale was last seen. They do kill and process several whales. Sperm oil is cooled to congeals and then squeezed back into the liquid state; blubber is boiled in pots on the deck, and warm oil is decanted into casks and stowed in the ship. Whale meat is eaten, and we learn more than we ever expected about whales and even squid, which is a crucial food for whales. The book is rich in technical information about whales which in a day when so much of the world needed and depended on whale oil was necessary.

Much has been written about the philosophy and meaning conveyed by this story. Ahab believes that Moby Dick is evil because he bit his leg off and that he needs to learn why it happened. He assumes he will know a great truth. This may lend to the idea that symbolically, the “whiteness” of the whale meant something, but Melville denied it.

The Epilogue offers us a quote from Job 1:14-19, “And I only am escaped alone to tell thee…..” Job, it seemed, had lost everything but on the Pequod. Who was that last survivor who lost everything?  Does the Epilogue seem to tell us that it is Ishmael? Whether Ishmael was just an imaginative character or a real one isn't clear, but he was the story’s narrator. He tells us that "It so chanced…that I was he whom the Fates ordained to take the place of Ahab's bowsman."

It seems that both Job and Ishmael survived their ordeal because, as we’re told, they escaped so someone would be left to tell us the story.

 

 

Quotes from Moby-Dick

“Better to sleep with a sober cannibal than a drunk Christian.“ “It is not down on any map; true places never are.” 

“As for me, I am tormented with an everlasting itch for things remote. I love to sail forbidden seas and land on barbarous coasts.”   

“Ignorance is the parent of fear.” 

“Talk not to me of blasphemy, man; I'd strike the sun if it insulted me.” 

“for there is no folly of the beast of the earth which is not infinitely outdone by the madness of men.”

An Unquiet Mind: A Memoir of Moods and Madness by Kay Redfield Jamison

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Kay Redfield Jamison wrote An Unquiet Mind: A Memoir of Moods and Madness. A Professor of Psychiatry at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Honorary Professor of English at the University of St Andrew, whose work is centered on bipolar disorder, something she has had since she was a child.

Jamison says that the cultural and medical shift from calling the problem "manic depression" into the term "bipolar disorder" has not clarified anything or helped. She was criticized for saying about the condition of bipolar that: "We have known for hundreds and hundreds and hundreds of years that it is genetic.” She sees the illness as the effect of genetic disorders. The book presents her view and is her memoir that has shaped her life and ideas.

In the book, Jamison says, “Others imply that they know what it is like to be depressed because they have gone through a divorce, lost a job, or broken up with someone. But these experiences carry with them feelings. Depression, instead, is flat, hollow, and unendurable. It is also tiresome. People cannot abide being around you when you are depressed. They might think that they ought to, and they might even try. Still, you know, and they know that you are tedious beyond belief: you are irritable, paranoid, humorless, lifeless, critical, and demanding, and no reassurance is ever enough. You're frightened and frightening, and you're "not at all like yourself, but will be soon, but you know you won't.”

"People go mad in idiosyncratic ways," one chapter begins. This may seem obvious, but Jamison feels it is a clinical fact, and she shows it by writing about her childhood, family, work, and relationships.  

The book is considered one of the most fantastic about manic depression or bipolar disorder.

Important Quotes

“No amount of love can cure madness or unblacken one's dark moods. Love can help; it can make the pain more tolerable, but, always, one is accountable to medication that may or may not always work and may or may not be bearable.”

“We all build internal sea walls to keep at bay the sadnesses of life and the often overwhelming forces within our minds. In whatever way we do this--through love, work, family, faith, friends, denial, alcohol, drugs, or medication, we build these walls, stone by stone, over a lifetime. ” 

“Which of my feelings are real? Which of me's is me? The wild, impulsive, chaotic, energetic, and crazy one? Or the shy, withdrawn, desperate, suicidal, doomed, and tired one? Probably a bit of bot,h hopefully much that is neither.” 

Ashely Bell by Dean Koontz

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Bibi Blair is a talented 22-year-old writer who lives near the ocean in Newport Beach, California. One day while sitting at her computer, one side of her body starts to tingle, and she realizes something is wrong. Doctors run tests and determine that she has rare brain cancer. When the doctor tells her about cancer, her reply is just to say, “we’ll see.” Then the next day, cancer goes away, to everyone’s amazement.

At this point, Bibi’s parents insist that she meet with a woman called Calida Butterfly, a “diviner” who supposedly can uncover “hidden knowledge by supernatural means.” It turns out the method she uses is Scrabblemancy. It is just what it sounds like, an assortment of scrabble-type letters on tiles that provides the answer to questions by spelling out words. One of the words is Ashley Bell, and she is told she will live because she must find and save Ashley from a terrible fate.

The book shows how our lives are shaped by our memories, especially our childhood influences, weaving this theme into a plot that, even while being unbelievable on the one hand, holds our attention and suspense to the end.

See More about Dean Koontz in Favorite Section

If I Ran the Zoo, by Dr Seuss

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Dr. Seuss Enterprises, which preserves the author's legacy, announced this week six books – "And to Think That I Saw It on Mulberry Street," "If I Ran the Zoo," "McElligot's Pool," "On Beyond Zebra!," "Scrambled Eggs Super!," and "The Cat's Quizzer" – would no longer be printed. Mar 5, 2021

Why did this happen? The Republicans seemed convinced that the Democrats and President Biden were to blame. “Yes!” So what did the company that owns the rights to these books and Dr. Seuss’s family, who owns that company, find out about this book and decide to stop printing it? Read the review and re-read the book; maybe the answer is clear.

If Gerald McGrew ran the Zoo, he'd let all the animals go and fill it with more unusual beasts--a ten-footed lion, an Elephant-Cat, a Mulligatawny, a Tufted Mazurka, and many more.

It’s a pretty good zoo.

Said young Gerald McGrew

And the fellow that runs it

Seems proud of it too

The first documented appearance of the word nerd is as the name of a creature in Dr. Seuss's book If I Ran the Zoo (1950), in which the narrator Gerald McGrew claims that he would collectMerkleye, a Nerd, and a Seersucker too" for his imaginary zoo. The slang meaning of the term dates to 1951

If I Ran the Zoo was banned for the line "all wear their eyes at a slant,” which refers to the helpers, accompanied by an illustration of Asian stereotypes. Dr. Seuss’s books were positive and inspiring, but some earlier books had disturbing images of hurtful, racially stereotypical drawings. The good news is that we see an evolution in cartoons and books. His later works, such as The Sneetches or Horton Hears a Who!, emphasize inclusion and acceptance. Disney’s old movies and comics had racial implications, and even Mickey Mouse had some racial threads in his creation. Disney covered those events by adding disclaimers and referring to the problem as “outdated cultural depictions.”

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The Cat in the Hat by Dr. Suess

The Cat in the Hat, by Dr. Seuss (Theodor Geisel), was first published in 1957. It is a story about a tall human-like cat who dresses in a red & white striped hat with a red bow tie.  

With his companions, "Thing One & Thing Two,” they try to entertain some neighbors and wind up wrecking the house.  Finally, the Cat uses a unique tool to clean everything up. He then says goodbyes and disappears just before the children's mother walks in.

The book offers lessons that need to be learned. For example, The Cat in the Hat is about stranger danger. Although it may seem fun to let a big cat into your house, maybe you should think twice before you do. That's just common sense for all ages.

This is the book that made Dr. Seuss famous. It kicked off an emphasis on beginning readers’ books. The focus on imagination for the characters and the ease of reading resulted in these books being read repeatedly. OK, the truth is they are often read every night.  Many kids learned to read from them.

Characters: The Cat in the Hat,

Thing One, Thing Two, Sally, Sally's Brother, Fish & Mother


The moral of this story might be “Be careful inviting neighbors over! or Beware of who you let in the house.

#Children’s Literature

Down and Out in Paris and London by George Orwell

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(See the Taking others for Granted” article in the Positive Thoughts section for more on what the Meaning of this Book is?)

It is 1933, and it will be 10 + years before Orwell publishes Animal Farm and 1984, both of which will warn of the dangers of totalitarianism and promote his beliefs in a fairer society.  In his book, Down and Out in London & Paris, he writes about poverty and how he survived.

Orwell was a tutor in London, but he went to Paris. He has no job when he arrives, and he cuts back on food and later pawns his good clothes to get by for a few days. He finds an old friend Boris, a fat Russian, but he is also out of work.  They struggle for weeks, and eventually, the two of them finally do find work-Boris as a waiter and Orwell as a dishwasher. Find work- Boris The dishwashing job is 14 hours a day of cleaning in the sweltering heat of kitchens on the bottom floors of the hotel basements.  

Orwell's Paris experience with poverty was eating at restaurants, living in rented rooms, and working in almost prison-like circumstances; no mention is made of goals or desires.  He can see that there are few opportunities to rise above where one starts in life. He describes drinking on a Saturday night as the "one thing that made life worth living.” At one point, a murder happens right outside where he is sleeping, and he tells us that within three minutes, he has gone back to sleep, not wanting to waste time over it.

Boris talks Orwell into going to another hotel to work because of the promotion to maître d’ he can get. Orwell follows him, but the new kitchen, where he is still a dishwasher, is even more hot and cramped than before. He now works 18 to 20 hours a day and makes less. Finally, he is so demoralized that he returns to London, which comprises the book's second part.

Orwell describes London’s poor as mobile, unable to rent or stay in a job long, but forced to wander from shelter to shelter across London. When he arrives back in London, his plans to be a babysitter for a wealthy family fall through. He has no money and must pawn his best suit again.  He finds that he must join others wandering from shelter to shelter and living off food that is barely fit for human consumption, living as a beggar and a tramp. The hunger and filth are with him constantly, and he feels the challenge of being considered disagreeable to others.

When the book ends, Orwell can get the job he had initially planned.  His closing remarks are that poverty is a condition best to be avoided.

This book will add to how you see George Orwell's books Animal Farm and 1984.  This autobiography precedes those books and suggests how his viewpoint on society may have evolved. 

Quotes by George Orwell

“It is curious how people take it for granted that they have a right to preach at you and pray over you as soon as your income falls below a certain level.” 

“The stars are a free show; it doesn't cost anything to use your eyes.”

 “Within certain limits, it is true that the less money you have, the less you worry.” 

“It is fatal to look hungry. It makes people want to kick you.” 

“Dirt is a great respecter of persons; it lets you alone when you are well dressed, but as soon as your collar is gone, it flies towards you from all directions.”